Types of tests and objects according to TR CU 003/2011
List of objects according to TR CU 003/2011:
- locking and sealing devices
- wooden, reinforced concrete bars
- spring terminals of separate and non-separate fastening
- elements of railroad switches
- pads for connection
- the insulating joints
- wooden, reinforced concrete sleepers
- elements of fastenings of rail switches, headsets, external contactors.
List of tests according to TR CU 003/2011:
1) Tests by determination of geometrical parameters of the rolling stock, his elements and also infrastructure elements.
During tests by determination of geometrical parameters of the rolling stock, his elements and also infrastructure elements, experts draw straight lines, the actual measurements, comparing the obtained data with drawings and also leaning on indicators, according to the standard standards.
Thanks to the exact measuring equipment and high qualification of workers any mistakes will be excluded. If the necessary equipment, then information on the carried-out tests has the test center will be reliable.
2) Bench tests for fatigue of elements of the rolling stock and also infrastructure elements.
During tests study behavior of materials at influence of variable loadings. Usually test is repeated with identical samples and different variable loadings. Loadings can be applied along an axis, at rotation or a bend. The majority of fatigue tests is passed with use of cars for the bend, cars causing vibrations and also with application of the rotating beam.
As a result of tests the endurance limit which characterizes fatigue material resistance is defined.
3) Tests by determination of mechanical properties of materials.
It is known that mechanical properties characterize ability of material to resist deformation and destruction under the influence of the enclosed loadings. Respectively, during tests, the prototype is affected loadings, different in character.
Mechanical tests can be:
- static (on stretching, compression, a bend, torsion);
- dynamic (on a shock bend);
- cyclic (on fatigue).
The test center needs to have a large number of loadings of stands, different in character, to carry out a full range of tests by determination of mechanical properties of materials.
4) Tests by definition of the chemical composition, macro – and microstructures of materials.
The complex of tests by definition of the chemical composition, macro – and microstructures of materials is of particular importance. It is necessary to be sure that the used raw materials conform to standards to provide qualitative finished products at the exit from production, of course, on condition of observance of technological processes of production therefore, entrance control of raw materials and finished products is compulsory procedure for providing high rates of quality and competitiveness in the modern market.
The main complex of metalgraphic researches includes:
- definition macro and microstructures of metals and alloys;
- determination of point of grain;
- definition of nonmetallic inclusions;
- determination of microdamageability and graphitization of material;
- measurement of microhardness and many other things;
The equipment on which tests are made have to carry out cutting, grinding, polishing and etching of materials of various hardness and also samples of the most irregular geometrical shape and the sizes.
5) Bench tests for fatigue of elements of the rolling stock and also infrastructure elements.
During tests study behavior of materials at influence of variable loadings. Usually test is repeated with identical samples and different variable loadings. Loadings can be applied along an axis, at rotation or a bend. The majority of fatigue tests is passed with use of wagons for the bend, wagons causing vibrations and also with application of the rotating beam.
As a result of tests the endurance limit which characterizes fatigue material resistance is defined.
6) Resource tests.
Resource tests are a kind of fail-safe tests (with determination of durability). These tests can be carried out as independently, and during periodic tests depending on purpose of products.
It is also possible to make a number of researches on parameters which are controlled at acceptance (preliminary) tests.
Complex of tests carry out at the special stand. Use of the stand allows to carry out the accelerated resource tests of a floor and frame of the rolling stock, the railroads to a short time, imitating at the same time the operational modes of loading taking place when performing loading and unloading operations.
The main objective of carrying out resource tests is a definition or assessment of a technical resource of the whole product or its separate elements.